IELTS Writing : Using example
(아이엘츠 라이팅 강좌 #10 : 원어민의 단어 선택(Collocation)
참조 : ielts-simon.com
다음의 문장들은 문법적으로 틀리지는 않았지만, 원어민(native speaker)가 봤을때는 조금 어색하게 느껴지는 부분들이 있다.
- I gave the IELTS exam last week.
- I usually take a coffee in the morning.
- This will bring a negative impact on people.
바로 동사와 명사가 어울리지 않기 때문인데, 어울리는 동사를 생각해보자. 우리가 햄버거등의 음식을 'fast food'라고 하는데 이것을 'quick food'라고 하면 의미는 통하겠지만 아무도 그렇게 말하진 않듯이, 또, 반대로 'quick meal' 이라는 표현 대신 'fast meal' 이라는 표현을 쓰는 것이 부자연스럽듯이 어울리는 단어들의 짝이 있다.
QUICK FOOD? 알아는 듣겠다만..
이것을 콜로케이션이라고 하는데, 몇몇의 단어가 묶여서 완전히 다른 뜻을 만드는 숙어와는 다르다. 이 단어들은 아주 자주 자연스럽게 묶여서 같이 쓰이기 때문에 생각없이 툭툭 튀어나올 수 있도록 연습해두면 라이팅과 스피킹에 큰 도움이 될 뿐 아니라 리스닝과 리딩에서도 이 단어들의 묶음이 귀에 들어오기 때문에 쉬워진다.
- a rich variety
- a vital part, a necessary part
- a range of reasons
- musical preferences
- life stories
- express emotions, arouse emotions
- a commercial product
- cultural identity
- human existence
- give importance
위의 표현들의 뜻이 뭐냐고 물어보면 아이엘츠 시험을 준비하는 맘잉글리쉬 수강생들은 어렵지 않게 다 대답할 것이다. 그런데 위의 표현들을 실제 자신의 라이팅과 스피킹에 사용하고 있느냐? 라고 물어본다면..? 자연스럽게 콜로케이션을 구사할 수 있다면 이미 중급자에서 고급자로 넘어간 것이고 시험관들은 대번 알아챌 것이다. 라이팅과 스피킹에 무조건 적용해서 사용하는 연습을 하자. 아래는 좀 더 많은 보기를 정리해보았다.
Some common verbs
|
have
|
do
|
make
|
have a bath
have a drink
have a good time
have a haircut
have a holiday
have a problem
have a relationship
have a rest
have lunch
have sympathy
|
do business
do nothing
do someone a favour
do the cooking
do the housework
do the shopping
do the washing up
do your best
do your hair
do your homework
|
make a difference
make a mess
make a mistake
make a noise
make an effort
make furniture
make money
make progress
make room
make trouble
|
take
|
break
|
catch
|
take a break
take a chance
take a look
take a rest
take a seat
take a taxi
take an exam
take notes
take someone's place
take someone's temperature
|
break a habit
break a leg
break a promise
break a record
break a window
break someone's heart
break the ice
break the law
break the news to someone
break the rules
|
catch a ball
catch a bus
catch a chill
catch a cold
catch a thief
catch fire
catch sight of
catch someone's attention
catch someone's eye
catch the flu
|
pay
|
save
|
keep
|
pay a fine
pay attention
pay by credit card
pay cash
pay interest
pay someone a compliment
pay someone a visit
pay the bill
pay the price
pay your respects
|
save electricity
save energy
save money
save one's strength
save someone a seat
save someone's life
save something to a disk
save space
save time
save yourself the trouble
|
keep a diary
keep a promise
keep a secret
keep an appointment
keep calm
keep control
keep in touch
keep quiet
keep someone's place
keep the change
|
come
|
go
|
get
|
come close
come complete with
come direct
come early
come first
come into view
come last
come late
come on time
come prepared
come right back
come second
come to a compromise
come to a decision
come to an agreement
come to an end
come to a standstill
come to terms with
come to a total of
come under attack
|
go abroad
go astray
go bad
go bald
go bankrupt
go blind
go crazy
go dark
go deaf
go fishing
go mad
go missing
go on foot
go online
go out of business
go overseas
go quiet
go sailing
go to war
go yellow
|
get a job
get a shock
get angry
get divorced
get drunk
get frightened
get home
get lost
get married
get nowhere
get permission
get pregnant
get ready
get started
get the impression
get the message
get the sack
get upset
get wet
get worried
|
|
|
|
Miscellaneous
|
Time
|
Business English
|
Classifiers
|
bang on time
dead on time
early 12th century
free time
from dawn till dusk
great deal of time
late 20th century
make time for
next few days
past few weeks
right on time
run out of time
save time
spare time
spend some time
take your time
tell someone the time
time goes by
time passes
waste time
|
annual turnover
bear in mind
break off negotiations
cease trading
chair a meeting
close a deal
close a meeting
come to the point
dismiss an offer
draw a conclusion
draw your attention to
launch a new product
lay off staff
go bankrupt
go into partnership
make a loss
make a profit
market forces
sales figures
take on staff
|
a ball of string
a bar of chocolate
a bottle of water
a bunch of carrots
a cube of sugar
a pack of cards
a pad of paper
|