IELTS Vocabulary  : band 7-9 phrases

(아이엘츠 보카 정리)

아이엘츠 스피킹 파트1

Examiner: Are there any environmental problems in your country?
Kelly: Yes … we have a serious issue with pollution levels in some of our big cities …  exhaust fumes from cars and lorries are definitely one reason for the problem but we also have a lot of heavy industry in some areas and this also results in poor air quality  …

Examiner: Do you take an interest in nature?
Jenny: Well … I’m a city person through and through and don’t get back to nature very often I’m afraid … but like everyone else I’m fascinated by the natural world and I like watching documentaries showing wild animals in their natural habitat …

Examiner: Do you or your family take steps to help the environment?
Mira: My parents have always tried to make us aware of our impact on the environment …  they’re really into energy conservation … and always try to buy environmentally friendly products if they have the chance …

아이엘츠 스피킹 파트2

Describe an environmental problem that has been in the news.  You should say

• when this was
• where the event happened
• what actually took place

and say how you felt about this problem.

Martin:  Well … this is an interesting question … there are so many issues I could think of … natural disasters like earthquakes and floods seem to be in the news almost every year … but there was one story recently about some animals that were under threat … it wasn’t focused on one place in particular … it was looking at various animals that could actually become extinct in different African countries … if we don’t take steps to protect them … these were really iconic animals like gorillas … leopards … rhinos … and apparently they’re now listed as endangered species …  what made it really depressing was they were in danger thanks to us … in some cases it was due to a loss of habitat either because people need more agricultural production … or even worse I think … because of hunting and poaching … I hate to think of future generations being robbed of the chance to see creatures like these in their natural environment … it’s lucky we have lots of organisations that focus on wildlife conservation … hopefully with their help we can put pressure on those in power to do something to stop creatures like these dying out …

아이엘츠 스피킹 파트3

Examiner:  What do you think is the main danger the world faces in terms of the environment?
Spencer: Well … climate change is a real issue … in my country we have flash floods and heatwaves on a yearly basis … so yes … I think global warming is the biggest issue.

Examiner: What examples are there of how we damage the natural world?
Stella: There are so many examples … there are factories that empty toxic waste into rivers and oceans … oil spills that damage the coastline …  the way we destroy vast areas of land and rain forests in search of fossil fuels or to increase agricultural production …

Examiner: In which ways do we respond well to environmental problems?
Mathius: Well … on the one hand there are various worldwide agencies that are always the first on the scene with humanitarian aid  after  natural  and man-made disasters … and on the other hand we have environmental pressure groups that are constantly raising awareness of issues and trying to stop disasters happening …

Definitions

• air quality:
  the cleanliness of the air we breathe
  공기질 / 대기질
   
• to become extinct: 
  to no longer exist
  멸종되다
   
• to be under threat:
  to be in danger of becoming extinct
  (멸종) 위기아래있다
   
• climate change: 
  the change in worldwide weather patterns
  기후 변화
   
• to die out: 
  see ‘to become extinct’
  멸종되다
   
• endangered species: 
  categories of animals or plants that are in danger of becoming extinct
  위협받는 종
   
• energy conservation:
  the careful management of energy resources to ensure they last as long as possible
  에너지 보존
   
• environmentally friendly:
  behaviour and products that do not harm the environment
  환경친화적인
   
• exhaust fumes:
  the toxic gases given off by vehicles powered by petrol
  배기가스
   
• flash floods: 
  floods that happen quickly
  갑작스런 홍수
   
• fossil fuels: 
  energy resources like gas and oil that are produced deep below the ground over millions of years
  화석연료
   
• future generations:
  the people who live after us
  미래세대
   
• to get back to nature:
  to live a life that is closer to nature
  자연으로 돌아가다
   
• global warming: 
  the increasing temperature of the world brought about by gases such as carbon dioxide
  지구 온난화
   
• heavy industry: 
  the manufacture of heavy articles and materials in large numbers
  중공업
   
• humanitarian aid: 
  the act of showing support to people struggling to survive
  인도주의적 도움
   
• impact on:
  the effect on
  ~에 영향
   
• loss of habitat: 
  the decline in areas of land where animals and plants would normally exist
  서식지 상실
   
• man-made disaster:
  widespread damage or loss of life brought about by the action of humans
  인재
   
• natural disaster: 
  an event such as an earthquake,  flood or hurricane which causes widespread damage or loss of life
  자연재해
   
• natural environment:
  the place where animals and plants would normally be found in nature
  자연환경
   
• the natural world:
  the world of nature
  자연세계
   
• oil spill: 
  waste usually deposited in the seas and oceans after an accident at sea
  기름유출
   
• poaching: 
  to hunt and kill wild animals illegally
  밀렵
   
• pollution levels:
  the amount of toxic waste
  오염도
   
• pressure group: 
  a group of people who try to raise awareness of issues and try to affect the views and actions of people and organisations
  시민단체/운동단체
   
• toxic waste:
  poisonous, unwanted rubbish often produced by industrial processes
  유독 폐기물
   
• wildlife conservation: 
  to protect animals and plants and their habitats
  야생동물 보호